Influenza (Flu): What You Need to Know

It is cold and flu season, and we have seen a huge influx of Influenza A. There have been several people in the community who have tested positive and we seeing it in school age children. As infection preventionist at the hospital I wanted to share some information about the illness to hopefully stop the spread and keep everyone as healthy as possible.

Influenza, or the flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It affects the nose, throat, and sometimes the lungs. Illness can range from mild to severe and, in some cases, can be deadly. During severe flu seasons, tens of thousands of Americans have died from flu-related complications.

Types A and B cause seasonal flu outbreaks, with Type A being the most common and often the most severe in adults. The flu can lead to serious complications like pneumonia, even in healthy people.

People at higher risk for severe illness include:

·         Older adults and pregnant individuals

·         People with chronic conditions (such as asthma, heart disease, diabetes, kidney or liver disease)

·         People with weakened immune systems

·         Individuals with a BMI of 40 or higher

Common flu symptoms usually start suddenly and may include:

·         Fever or chills (not everyone has a fever)

·         Cough and sore throat

·         Runny or stuffy nose

·         Muscle aches and headaches

·         Fatigue

·         Vomiting or diarrhea (more common in children)

People with the flu are most contagious in the first 3 days, but they can spread the virus from 1 day before symptoms start up to 5–7 days after becoming sick. The flu spreads mainly through droplets from coughing, sneezing, or talking, and sometimes by touching contaminated surfaces.

Prevention tips:

·         Get a flu vaccine every year (best protection)

·         Wash hands often

·         Cover coughs and sneezes

·         Avoid close contact with sick individuals

If you are experiencing these symptoms, please remain at home. If it is necessary to leave your residence, practice proper hand hygiene and wear a mask to help prevent respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing from spreading within the community.